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Power battery: 4 years even out the 10-year gap
Power battery: 4 years even out the 10-year gap
"Tenth Five-Year" period, the national 863 Program of electric vehicles in major projects, set up a research fru 08k8193 battery, ibm thinkpad r50 battery, ibm thinkpad r51 battery power, this is the electric vehicles practical constraints of one of the key technologies. After 4 years, high-power battery-based power technology from scratch, and the formation of the industrial base to a certain extent, one reduces the behind the international advanced level in the gap for more than 10 years.
Faced with such gratifying results in the February 7 "15" for electric vehicles at major scientific and technological special inspection, inspection team leader, the former China director of the Center for Automotive Technology and Research excitement, power batteries, drive motors, electronic control unit such as key parts had made substantial progress in technology, initially formed the industrial chain of electric vehicle parts and components for electric vehicles, industrial development has laid a solid technical foundation.
Nickel-hydrogen battery into the Practical
Major electric vehicle battery power special responsibility for the overall group of experts Professor Wu Feng told reporters, as major projects for electric vehicles "three vertical and three horizontal" layout of the importance of "a cross" in the "863" in the power battery research, including metal hydride Nickel battery power (hereinafter referred to as nickel hydrogen batteries) and lithium-ion ibm thinkpad r52 battery, ibm thinkpad t40 battery power the study, which is the current international research in this field and the forefront of hot topics.
"The first hybrid electric vehicle is expected to achieve industrialization, therefore, we will be hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) batteries with high power motivation as the focus of the study. The study was still a blank in China. So each of its technological advances have innovative. "Wu said.
Issues prior to the implementation of China's nickel-hydrogen batteries the maximum power density of only 230 watts per kilogram (W / kg), can not meet the basic HEV battery performance requirements. At that time, Toyota's hybrid Prius sedan has been the first volume in the international market, it is used for nickel-hydrogen batteries power batteries.
"High-power batteries power the key to solving the current problem of charging and discharging." Wu explained that the hybrid vehicle in motion a continuous process of charge and discharge. In the start-up, the need to accelerate the large current discharge, this car on the fast speed; braking, the energy feedback can be high current charge. "Nickel-hydrogen battery to increase power density, has become an important indicator of the study."
Group in the structural design of the battery, battery materials and battery design and preparation of modified design for the innovative research, significantly increased battery power density, to achieve a high-rate discharge, after 4 years of efforts to increase power density to 1006W/kg, than before the project more than 4 times.
Promote the implementation of the subject of China's nickel hydrogen electric vehicle battery rapid development, made a series of remarkable advances in technology, has developed a special 6.5-an when (Ah), 8Ah, 27Ah, 40Ah, 80Ah, 100Ah battery series varieties, the performance of the battery showed an upward trend year after year, especially in high power HEV-type nickel-hydrogen batteries have made significant progress, with more than 4 years from scratch, which has shortened behind the international advanced level for more than 10 years gap, a number of battery performance, such as power density, energy density, cycle life and safety of such batteries to achieve the same type of international advanced level. Special inspection at the meeting, many of the relevant data at home and abroad to convince the experts.
Not only that, a special technology in the battery, the electrode preparation process matures, have been completed and nickel hydrogen batteries and battery production line electrode assembly lines, with a production capacity. At present, the nickel-hydrogen batteries have been used in the operation of dozens of model cars and hybrid electric bus.
Li-ion battery safety significantly increased
Lithium-ion is relatively lively, security is the driving force for lithium-ion battery technology research difficult. Despite the current battery power in the international arena have not yet entered the commercial stage, but the technology as an important direction has been made a lot of research and development results and test-like vehicles. Press conference from the acceptance that the implementation of the adoption of the subject, China's Li-ion ibm thinkpad t40p battery, ibm thinkpad t41 battery, ibm thinkpad t41p battery technology has made considerable progress in the security and power density of significant progress, not only with the narrow gap between the advanced international level, and a number of performance has been able to better meet the test specifications.
According to Wu, the implementation of the subject, carried out power lithium-ion battery research and development of key materials to study the safety of electrolyte additives on performance of the battery, self-developed lithium manganese spinel materials for lithium-ion battery has power the development of materials provides protection. Annual production capacity of 150 tons of modified spinel lithium manganese oxide production line to address the high power a vehicle battery power supply of the cathode material, thereby significantly improve the safety of the battery.
In recent years, research and development group, a thin film electrode preparation technology, so that the passing rate of the electrode film has increased; power battery cathode mechanized envelope design process, reduces the powder away from the electrode caused by the internal battery the possibility of short circuit and high-pressure protective measures taken to ensure safety.
In equipment development, the group developed intermittent reversal of 800mm Coater滚涂accuracy of ± 1.5%, to become the most wide painted Chinese-made lithium-ion battery wiring, battery power for the realization of production equipment in China to lay the technical foundation.
And "973" basic research projects in close cooperation group has also developed a safe, low cost, environmentally friendly lithium-ion battery cathode material lithium iron phosphate ---. Lithium iron phosphate so that the electronic conductivity of materials in particular have improved significantly, but also the practical application of this material to lay the technical foundation.
It is reported that since the implementation issues, HEV with high-power lithium-ion battery power and improved safety. By the end of 2002 the concentration in the test, the lithium-ion batteries power a very serious security issue, or fire or explosion, without a battery test unit through security testing. After several years of efforts, by 2005, to participate in sampling of HEV Li-ion battery power through a safety inspection, there was no explosion, fire phenomenon, which for a lithium-ion batteries power the importance of the application.
Supercapacitor application has entered the field of
Supercapacitors lies between batteries and conventional capacitors of a new type of energy storage devices, in China less than 10 years. The implementation of the subject, respectively, with the fuel cell city bus and JIEFANG hybrid city bus to the super-capacitor research and development, focusing on the key materials ibm thinkpad t42 battery, ibm thinkpad t42p battery, structural design, manufacturing processes and management systems to initiate a technical research, the research has made important progress.
In the material group of key raw materials for the technology to optimize and improve the cycle life of the capacitor and the high and low temperature properties, and the realization of the production; in the process, the capture of the polarizable electrode and non-polarizable electrode manufacturing technology to address the instability of the product performance, optimize the monomer chemical processes, improved product yield and the capacity of homogeneity; in structural design, to improve the electrode size, electrode combination of the internal structure of the capacitor to increase the specific power and specific energy to improve the high-current charge-discharge effect of heating and cooling; in the management system, completed a super-capacitor system of optimal design for the application of supercapacitors foundation.
Based on these advances in technology, vehicle performance supercapacitors significant improvement in the outcome of a number of related applications have entered the field of supercapacitors have been in the bus super capacitor, super capacitor application of electric buses.
Inspection team of experts believe that the "Tenth Five-Year" period, China's "electric cars" in the power of major scientific and technological special battery and supercapacitor R & D has made important progress in the next stage of the process of industrialization of the challenges faced will be more severe international competition has become increasingly fierce. With the electric car industry to accelerate the process, power will be increasing demand for batteries has doubled.
"At present, China's nickel-metal hydride and lithium-ion battery power management system and its key technology research and development and has achieved a major breakthrough and progress, but with the international advanced level there is still a gap." Professor Wu Feng said that the "Eleventh Five-Year" period, will take advantage of electric vehicles, especially hybrid electric vehicle is about the industrialization of the opportunity to further the core technology in innovative breakthroughs, substantial increase in the cost-effective battery power, so that China's power along with the electric ibm thinkpad t43 battery, ibm thinkpad t43p battery to the automobile industry development in the face of fierce international competition ushered in a new round of industrial take-off.
special memorandum
In 2001, electric cars to start the implementation of major science and technology specific, a total of 161 subjects arrangements. Identified specific to fuel cell vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, pure electric vehicles, three kinds of models for the "three vertical", multi-energy powertrain control system, drive motor and control system, power battery management system and its three kinds of common technology as the "three-cross" of the "three vertical and three horizontal" layout of the research and development.
After three rounds of research and development, have developed features of electric vehicles like cars, the performance of products like cars and like vehicles. Among them, the fuel cell vehicle has entered the international advanced ranks of the realization of a hybrid passenger car operation, with production capacity of small, pure volume production and operation of electric vehicles and began to export.
R & D in key parts to break through the power of hydrogen - air fuel cell engine preparation of key technologies, developed with a net exporter of cars from 30 to 60 kilowatts, with a net exporter of passenger cars from 60 to 150 kilowatts of fuel cell engines; high-power Ni-MH , lithium-ion battery performance indicators, such as power density is close to international advanced level; drive motor vehicle products, power density, efficiency and other indicators have reached international advanced level.
Introduced a special promotion of 26 national standards, a total of 796 applied for patents at home and abroad, of which 413 patents.
Electric vehicles in Beijing, Wuhan, and Tianjin cities and eight regions of the commercial operation of the model. In 2003, Wuhan, Hubei Province, to start operation of pilot demonstration of electric vehicles work, has spent 20 Dongfeng Electric Vehicle Company Limited by the development of hybrid buses, has run more than 450,000 km, carrying nearly 100 million; Beijing Institute of Technology, etc. unit of the Beijing Institute of Technology completed a preliminary hp 338794-001 battery,hp 361742-001 battery,hp 371785-001 battery electric vehicles electric vehicles Miyun Industrial Co., Ltd. production base, R & D and production of small quantities of the four kinds of models close to 40 buses will enter the Beijing Olympic team model electric model to run; fuel car battery has run a total of more than 12,000 km, fuel cell bus to run a total of more than 28,000 km.
Large-capacity lithium-ion battery industrialization of a long and difficult road
In October 2003, located in Suzhou High-tech Zone; in August 2004, Li-ion production(08k8193 battery, 08k8195 battery, 08k8196 battery, 08k8197 battery) line put into operation; in December 2004, the installation of the Heng-Li-ion battery electric bicycle market started small; in 2005, many domestic manufacturers of electric vehicles with the stars Constant contact and began to use lithium battery. Over the past two years, Suzhou Star Constant power company is not the pace of industrialization can be unpleasant.
Vice chairman of NPC Standing Committee, the CAS President Lu Yongxiang has argued that the company stars Heng, Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics Lenovo advanced technology and advanced management experience, is the outcome of independent innovation in science and technology toward the market paradigm .
February 16, 2006, Suzhou Hi-tech Zone, “the briefing of independent innovation and promote the Suzhou Science and Technology City Council” held in Beijing. As the only business at the meeting to speak on behalf of, Suzhou Star Constant power companies to invest in one of the executive director of Legend Capital Limited, told this reporter Yang Xia said: “We have so far completed the first step towards industrialization, but the full realization of industrial experience will be of a long road. “
The hands of three and a half people workshop
“When the newly established company, once the leadership of the province to inspect, to see we only have three people around a table with hand-made, very much doubt how we can make high-tech lithium-ion battery to.” When talking about entrepreneurship the early experience, Suzhou Heng Xing Xiao Bin, general manager of power, said to reporters, “At that time we were here only three and a half, that is, a scientist combined with an engineer to lead a sales staff, as well as my project is not a full-time people. “
Three and a half people do manual lasted about half a year, Xiao Bin as it was a “very painful” process, “to spend more than ten million per day, 1:30 to later results also do not see.” and determined to keep him is because he is optimistic about “the things people do”, that is, the project’s chief scientist of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dr. Huang Xuejie.
China’s Li-ion 08k8198 battery, 08k8199 battery, 08k8201 battery, 08k8214 battery research has been going on for nearly 20 years, to the yellow Xuejie is the second generation. From 1986 to 1995, as 75 major state projects, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Academy of Sciences in Physics under the auspices of Li-Quan Chen, Li-ion battery research and development in the laboratory the process of going through 9 years; in 1996, Huang Xuejie long as group decision to concentrate its limited human and financial resources to begin the realization of lithium-ion battery industrialization process.
“The results from the laboratory to real products into it is very difficult because, once the business side, through the form of access to technology transfer of results, if in the process hampered the implementation phase, the amendment needs to be improved, they often can not afford, Industrialization led to frustration, and Dr. Huang Xuejie 8 months each year to stay in the front line of production time, at any time to participate in the secondary development of technology, therefore, Heng Li stars in the industry of electricity on the road to a number of relatively smooth. “said Xiao Bin.
It is reported that the driving force stars Constant power lithium battery project after 15 years of basic research, pilot, located in Suzhou High-tech Zone until the only real sense into the process of industrialization. The end of 2003, from Legend Capital Limited, Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Heng Xing, Chengdu Diao Group joint venture, set up in Suzhou, the Suzhou High-tech Zone Constant Star Power Limited, an investment 82 million yuan, the construction of the domestic The first high-power lithium-ion battery production line.
As to why the choice of Suzhou as a base for the industrialization of the project, Xiao Bin that the “manufacturing industry in Suzhou, with a large number of excellent quality of industrial workers, started production of lithium power projects, staff adaptation period is very short, very professional and mature; Secondly, the product supply the necessary raw materials, mold development can be within a radius of 200 kilometers solution greatly enhance business performance, cost control is also an ideal state. “
Xiao Bin, the stars for Suzhou Heng, the breakthrough in manufacturing technology development and management of bottlenecks, critical to the success of the project. The production of lithium-ion batteries are precision manufacturing industry, involving many aspects of the production process more than 100 control points every step of controlled products are likely to fail. “And we are both in the materials, equipment or processes must be developed.” Constant stars for this company specializes in the establishment of a project development team for technical research, but also learn from the Japanese manufacturer of outstanding experience and practice, from senior managers lead the production and technical personnel to the scene to observe, collect data and analyze problems, to overcome difficulties.
At present, the company’s lithium 92p1011 battery, 92p1060 battery, 92p1061 battery, 92p1071 battery for electric bikes has passed the relevant authorities at home and abroad certification, entered the domestic and foreign markets. February 11, party secretary of Jiangsu Province, Li Yuanchao inspected stars Constant Power Co., Ltd. Suzhou. When Star learned that independent research and development by Heng has independent intellectual property rights with precision production equipment, making a substantial increase in productivity, output from the lithium battery 50 / day to 4000 / day, Li Yuanchao pleased to say that in vigorously promoting scientific and technological innovation at the same time, it is necessary to better implement strategies for technology entrepreneurs, the key lies in scientific and technological innovations in production, which stars Constant Power Limited is to promote a model of technology start-ups.
Security, stability, demanding
Since its inception, the domestic dispute on the electric bicycle has always been prevalent. Criticism of its being a major “crime” is discarded batteries for soil, water and other environmental factors damage. Because of this, some cities on the electric bicycle up the “red light”, so that manufacturers are to survive an unprecedented crisis. Electric bicycle assembly for green energy, many manufacturers have been put on the agenda. Power lithium-ion batteries has also surfaced.
And compared, such as lead-acid batteries, lithium-ion batteries have obvious advantages, can be called “all-round champion.” First of all, is a small amount of light. Most relatively heavy lead-acid batteries generally have 20 kg to 30 kg weight, and lithium-ion battery is normally around 7 kg, the former is about 1 / 3 to 1 / 4 percent; followed by more long-term life expectancy. Test indicates that the authority of the State institutions, single lithium-ion battery charge and discharge more than 500 times its original capacity of not less than 80% of capacity; of course, vis-à-vis the most lead-acid batteries has been a large number of environmentalists have criticized the presence of lead, lithium ion battery is the most worthy of showing off its green.
In this context, lithium-ion power batteries come to the fore. As a result of non-cadmium, lead, mercury, such as heavy metals harmful substances in the production of lithium batteries and the use of the process does not produce pollutants, the protection of human health, the process of water and soil pollution has also solved the problem.
However, due to the rapid growth in demand for materials, the cost of lithium-ion batteries has been growing prominence, the cost of lithium batteries is 5 times that of lead-acid batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries than a little expensive. “First of all, the battery 863 of the new materials research and development has given us more support.” According to Huang Xuejie, the cathode material for lithium-ion battery is currently the most prominent of the cost of materials, but also a direct bearing on the safety performance of the battery and battery to achieve large-scale of the possible, but traditional cathode materials for lithium cobalt — the annual demand has more than 10,000 tons, leading to sharp rise in cobalt prices, lack of resources has begun to restrict industrial development. “We are the Department of the development of manganese and iron-based materials, to improve battery performance and safety of the cost-effective for the purpose has been to develop high-performance manganese lithium and oxygen vacancies of lithium iron phosphate cathode material.”
And to the large-capacity lithium-ion 92p1073 battery, 92p1075 battery, 92p1077 battery, 92p1087 battery development is still faced security and stability of the bottleneck, “a cell phone lithium battery, in case of any possible explosion of a fireworks explosion there, and if the car is used in a large-capacity lithium - battery explosion, then the equivalent of 10,000 firecrackers exploded. So for the safety and stability requirements are particularly high. “Xiao Bin said that this also means that large-capacity lithium-ion battery industrialization also takes time.
Commercial value is only a part of
“The Constant Star has completed the first step towards industrialization, with a more complete system of self-developed products in the 56 manufacturers test electric cars in 2006 to further promote the market.” Legend Capital Limited Yang said the director of the summer, stars Constant is to promote steady and rapid hybrid electric vehicles with high-power battery products and preparations for mass production, the next three years the realization of lithium batteries may be used in cars, but it involves the transformation of the automotive power system, can not be achieved overnight .
In fact, both the mobile phones, notebook computers, MP3 and other electronic products or electric bicycles, electric vehicles, lithium batteries are only one aspect that can be used. Today’s lithium-ion batteries use much more than that. With the battery of existing materials and design techniques and new materials to improve the appearance of the application of lithium-ion batteries have been expanding the scope. Civilian from the information industry (mobile phone, PDA, notebook computers, etc.) be extended to energy and transportation (electric vehicles, power grid peak, solar energy, wind energy storage power station), the military covers the sea (submarine, underwater robot), land (army soldier systems, machinery and soldiers), days (unmanned aircraft), air (satellites, spacecraft) all arms, lithium-ion battery technology has been an industry is not a simple technology, which the development of information industry at stake, but also new energy industry as one basis for the development of technology and modern military equipment and in the future an important and indispensable “food” one.
“The military command at the scene of electronic systems, satellites, spacecraft, which in the actual operation of power no way to access, this also makes. It also makes the development of lithium batteries considerable strategic significance, and only a part of commercial value.” Yang Xia said that even our domestic lithium batteries IBM laptop batteries do not come out of production, this sector is also the core technology in the hands of the Japanese hands, the independent innovation in this area also seems particularly important.
It is understood that the current basic research in the lithium batteries in China and recognized world leader in its own unique features and Japan, in a number of key points are highlighted in our country, but in the product maturity, the Japanese have been produced by large-scale vehicle China’s overall industrial layout also at least two years behind.
“This is the gap we can catch up.” Xuejie Wong said: “China’s lithium-ion battery industry has developed very rapidly, has now become the world’s second largest producer of lithium-ion battery, second only to Japan. We have to do is to develop future large-scale lithium-ion 92p1089 battery, 92p1091 battery, 92p1101 battery, 92p1102 battery of new materials, while reducing costs, but also more secure to allow the battery longevity. “
“We and the world’s leading lithium battery technology in Japan compared to late start not much closer to the technological level, and our costs are lower, the price is one-third of them.”
However, “from their own R & D to achieve industrialization, often requires more than ten years time, there can not be the end of the beginning of the results of innovation.” Xiao Bin said, “Although there are many companies last year lithium battery good prospects for the development of projects have been launched, but it They soon discovered that lithium batteries do not do so good, can only choose to give up. The whole of this year, China’s lithium-ion battery industry will be a critical year. “
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